By Greg Peel

The Dow closed down 40 points or 0.4% while the S&P lost 0.3% to 1203 and the Nasdaq gained 0.6%.

Yesterday China released its September trade data, which saw both export and import growth numbers falling below expectations. Analysts had forecast exports to have grown by 20.7% in the month over last September, and imports by 24.5%. Results of 17.1% and 20.9% were thus disappointing compared to equivalent August results of 24.5% and 30.2%.

The upshot is China posted a trade surplus in September of US$14.5bn compared to US$17.8bn in August and US$31.5bn in July. While the surplus reduction trend is encouraging from the point of view of reducing the global imbalance between emerging market surplus and developed market deficit, the apparent slowing of the Chinese economy is not encouraging at a time the developed world is staring at potential recession.

But are we really that surprised? Europe is China's biggest export market and it is clearly heading into recession. The reduction in export demand must flow through to a reduction in import demand. China may be able to rely on its domestic economic growth to provide a disconnect with problems in the developed world, but it is not totally immune from those problems. The Shanghai stock index is down 23% from its November high.

There is another, more concerning problem now coming to the fore however. For years the rest of the world has treated Chinese data almost with amusement, given the speed with which it is delivered if nothing else. Yesterday Beijing delivered September trade data while this week developed economies are reporting August data. Beijing manages to provide quarterly GDP results inside a month after the close of the quarter, and everyone else takes three months to provide a final result. At least one Chinese official has, in the past, admitted that such data lean more toward estimation than actual numbers.

Foreign houses, such as HSBC, do provide their own estimates to counter what is possibly spin from Beijing, and recent history suggests the two sets of figures are not as far apart as to be that significant. However over the past few years China has been listing various stocks on foreign exchanges, which has provided a means for foreigners to invest in the emerging market powerhouse when direct investment on Chinese exchanges is limited to locals. Disclosure and reporting rules are very strict in the developed world, but not so in China. A month or so ago US investment funds aired their concern that numbers being posted by the plethora of internet start-ups ? Chinese versions of Google, Youtube and Facebook for example ? did not look right, and indeed drilling down exposed potential ownership questions as well.

A growing distrust in Chinese corporate reporting came to a head yesterday when it was revealed China's sovereign wealth fund has been forced to enter the stock market and buy local bank shares to prop up debt-laden lenders. In so doing, debt issues were exposed of which global investors were unaware in terms of their extent. Out of control lending by Chinese banks has been a foreign concern ever since Beijing's enormous post-GFC stimulus package was launched, but ascertaining accurate numbers has proven a difficult task.

[For more on Chinese bank lending, see today's Market Insight recording.]

The bottom line is that the rest of the world is losing faith in the integrity of Chinese reporting, both government and corporate. The impact is also being felt in pricing of Beijing's recently listed sovereign bonds, known colloquially as "dim sum" bonds, which has come under pressure through sheer uncertainty. Such uncertainty undermines what many foreign investors had previously viewed as a safe haven compared to sovereign bonds elsewhere, such as those of debt-loaded Europe or the US.

Other foreign observers nevertheless dismiss such concerns, suggesting China simply has enough firepower to easily sort out any debt problems among its banks, and that on the wider scheme of things the Chinese growth story remains intact. One might argue that it is comforting to see dictatorial China's government simply step in and prop up bank capital on a whim, compared to the two years (to date) of European dithering and disagreement to get to the point of even considering propping up banks.

The Chinese situation nevertheless weighed on Wall Street from the open last night, and then came the September quarter result from leading US bank JP Morgan (a Dow component). JPM actually beat forecasts on the earnings line, but the absolute result represented a slowing from the previous quarter as investment bank profits were impacted by the weak markets. Management was cautious in its outlook, suggesting the December quarter will bring more of the same as global volatility persists.

JPM shares finished the day down 5% and led all of the financial sector lower. History suggests that a bull market cannot occur unless the financial sector ? a proxy for the health of an economy ? leads the way. By 11am the Dow was down 141 points.

It appears, however, that the buyers are now lying in wait. The Dow reached almost back to square in the last hour before slipping slightly again at the death. The S&P 500 held over the 1200 mark. Tech stocks, as represented by the Nasdaq, are clearly popular at this level. For the financials there's still a long row to hoe, and JP Morgan pointed out new regulations were going to cost the bank US$500m and weak investment banking results would mean the cutting of 1,000 jobs.

To back up apparent faith in the tech sector, Google came out after the bell and blew the Street away with its revenue and earnings results. Google share are up 6% in the after-market and will no doubt provide Wall Street with some strength from the open tonight, all other things being equal.

In Wednesday night's trade in London, talk of China coming back in to the copper market had base metals prices pushing higher after they had fallen the night before. Last night news of the weak Chinese trade data had the fickle LME turning on its heels yet again. Copper fell 2%, and all metals were down 1-3%.

There was little impact from the US dollar last night as it was steady on its index at 76.95. Australia's surprisingly positive unemployment result yesterday now has economists suddenly dismissing a Cup Day rate cut from the RBA, and hence the Aussie is up another half a cent to US$1.0207.

The Chinese data also gave Nymex traders a reason to sell, so West Texas crude was down US$1.32 to US$84.55/bbl. Again the spread widened, given Brent fell only US25c to a number that would have any English cricketer shaking in his boots ? US$111.11/bbl.

After a tepid response to this week's three and ten-year bond auctions from the US Treasury, traders were expecting last night's auction of thirty-years to be better received. Why? Because Chubby Checker is a seller of the short end and a buyer of the long end. But demand again disappointed, indicating that the world's thirst for safe haven US Treasuries is waning now there is light at the end of the European tunnel.